Sphingomonadaceae

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Sphingomonadaceae
A culture of "Sphingomonas phyllosphaerae"
A culture of Sphingomonas phyllosphaerae
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Alphaproteobacteria
Order: Sphingomonadales
Family: Sphingomonadaceae
Kosako et al. 2000
Type genus
Sphingomonas
Yabuuchi et al. 1990
Genera[1]

Sphingomonadaceae are a gram-negative bacterial family of the Alphaproteobacteria. An important feature is the presence of sphingolipids (mainly 2′-hydroxymyristoyl dihydrosphingosine 1-glucuronic acid, "SGL-1") in the outer membrane of the cell wall.[2][3] The cells are ovoid or rod-shaped. Others are also pleomorphic, i.e. the cells change the shape over time. Some species from Sphingomonadaceae family are dominant components of biofilms.[4][5][6]

Energy source[edit]

While most species within Sphingomonadaceae family are heterotrophic,[7] some are phototrophic.

Function[edit]

Some species of Sphingomonadaceae are known to degrade some aromatic compounds. This makes the bacteria of interest to environmental remediation.[8]

The diverse metabolic capacity of genera within the Sphingomonadaceae family, such as Sphingobium, Novosphingobium,[a] and Sphingopyxis enable these genera to adapt to and be abundant in the presence of bisphenol A. A microbial community with abundant Sphingomonadaceae members can degrade bisphenol A with a constant rate.[9]

Some Sphingomonas species are able to produce sphingans, a kind of exopolysaccharides with certain viscosity. This property of sphingans makes it useful in many industries including food and pharmaceutical.[10][7]

Distribution[edit]

Bacteria within Sphingomonadaceae family are distributed in various environments, such as water,[5] soil,[11][12] sediment.[7][13]

Phylogeny[edit]

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature[1] and the phylogeny is based on whole-genome sequences.[14][b]

Interaction with human and plants[edit]

Some members of the Sphingomonadaceae commonly exist in human-impacted environments, including drinking water systems,[15][5] hospital and household tap water,[16] and medical devices.[17][18][19]

Most of the species of the Sphingomonadaceae are not known to be harmful to humans or plants.[7] Some species can protect plants from disease-causing pathogens such as Thielaviopsis basicola, and Rhizoctonia solani.[7][12][11][20]

The Sphingomonas and Sphingobium genera tend to have higher antibiotic resistance compared with three other genera within the Sphingomonadaceae: Novosphingobium,[a] Sphingopyxis, and Blastomonas.[5] 

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b Not a member of Sphingomonadaceae, per LPSN
  2. ^ Aestuariisphingobium, Aquisediminimonas, Chakrabartia, Parablastomonas, and Sphingosinithalassobacter are not included in this phylogenetic tree.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Euzéby JP, Parte AC. "Sphingomonadaceae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  2. ^ Garrity GM, Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JR, eds. (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. Two The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-24145-6.
  3. ^ Ikushiro H, Islam MM, Tojo H, Hayashi H (August 2007). "Molecular characterization of membrane-associated soluble serine palmitoyltransferases from Sphingobacterium multivorum and Bdellovibrio stolpii". Journal of Bacteriology. 189 (15): 5749–61. doi:10.1128/JB.00194-07. PMC 1951810. PMID 17557831.
  4. ^ de Vries HJ, Beyer F, Jarzembowska M, Lipińska J, van den Brink P, Zwijnenburg A, et al. (2019-01-25). "Sphingomonadaceae from fouled membranes". npj Biofilms and Microbiomes. 5 (1): 6. doi:10.1038/s41522-018-0074-1. PMC 6347639. PMID 30701078.
  5. ^ a b c d Vaz-Moreira I, Nunes OC, Manaia CM (August 2011). "Diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns of Sphingomonadaceae isolates from drinking water". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 77 (16): 5697–706. Bibcode:2011ApEnM..77.5697V. doi:10.1128/AEM.00579-11. PMC 3165245. PMID 21705522.
  6. ^ Li L, Jeon Y, Lee SH, Ryu H, Santo Domingo JW, Seo Y (July 2019). "Dynamics of the physiochemical and community structures of biofilms under the influence of algal organic matter and humic substances". Water Research. 158: 136–145. Bibcode:2019WatRe.158..136L. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.014. PMC 6563348. PMID 31026675.
  7. ^ a b c d e Glaeser SP, Kämpfer P (2014). "The Family Sphingomonadaceae". In Rosenberg E, DeLong EF, Lory S, Stackebrandt E (eds.). The Prokaryotes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 641–707. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_302. ISBN 978-3-642-30197-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  8. ^ Balkwill DL, Fredrickson JK, Romine MR (12 October 2006). "Sphingomonas and Related Genera". The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria. Vol. 7: Proteobacteria: Delta and Epsilon Subclasses. Deeply Rooting Bacteria. ISBN 978-0-387-33493-6.
  9. ^ Oh S, Choi D (April 2019). "Microbial Community Enhances Biodegradation of Bisphenol A Through Selection of Sphingomonadaceae". Microbial Ecology. 77 (3): 631–639. doi:10.1007/s00248-018-1263-4. PMID 30251120. S2CID 52811122.
  10. ^ Li H, Jiao X, Sun Y, Sun S, Feng Z, Zhou W, Zhu H (November 2016). "The preparation and characterization of a novel sphingan WL from marine Sphingomonas sp. WG". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 37899. Bibcode:2016NatSR...637899L. doi:10.1038/srep37899. PMC 5121650. PMID 27883073.
  11. ^ a b Kyselková M, Almario J, Kopecký J, Ságová-Marečková M, Haurat J, Muller D, et al. (August 2014). "Evaluation of rhizobacterial indicators of tobacco black root rot suppressiveness in farmers' fields". Environmental Microbiology Reports. 6 (4): 346–53. doi:10.1111/1758-2229.12131. PMID 24992533.
  12. ^ a b Gómez Expósito R, de Bruijn I, Postma J, Raaijmakers JM (2017-12-18). "Current Insights into the Role of Rhizosphere Bacteria in Disease Suppressive Soils". Frontiers in Microbiology. 8: 2529. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02529. PMC 5741648. PMID 29326674.
  13. ^ Jin L, Ko SR, Jin CZ, Jin FJ, Li T, Ahn CY, Oh HM, Lee HG (2019-08-01). "Description of novel members of the family Sphingomonadaceae: Aquisediminimonas profunda gen. nov., sp. nov., and Aquisediminimonas sediminicola sp. nov., isolated from freshwater sediment". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 69 (8): 2179–2186. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003347. PMID 31204973.
  14. ^ Hördt, Anton; López, Marina García; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Schleuning, Marcel; Weinhold, Lisa-Maria; Tindall, Brian J.; Gronow, Sabine; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Woyke, Tanja; Göker, Markus (7 April 2020). "Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria". Frontiers in Microbiology. 11: 468. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00468. PMC 7179689. PMID 32373076.
  15. ^ Li D, Li Z, Yu J, Cao N, Liu R, Yang M (November 2010). "Characterization of bacterial community structure in a drinking water distribution system during an occurrence of red water". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 76 (21): 7171–80. Bibcode:2010ApEnM..76.7171L. doi:10.1128/AEM.00832-10. PMC 2976220. PMID 20851995.
  16. ^ Narciso-da-Rocha C, Vaz-Moreira I, Manaia CM (January 2014). "Genotypic diversity and antibiotic resistance in Sphingomonadaceae isolated from hospital tap water". The Science of the Total Environment. 466–467: 127–35. Bibcode:2014ScTEn.466..127N. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.109. PMID 23892027.
  17. ^ Soto-Giron MJ, Rodriguez-R LM, Luo C, Elk M, Ryu H, Hoelle J, et al. (May 2016). Besser TE (ed.). "Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 82 (9): 2872–2883. Bibcode:2016ApEnM..82.2872S. doi:10.1128/AEM.03529-15. PMC 4836434. PMID 26969701.
  18. ^ Poza M, Gayoso C, Gómez MJ, Rumbo-Feal S, Tomás M, Aranda J, et al. (2012-08-29). "Exploring bacterial diversity in hospital environments by GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing". PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e44105. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...744105P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044105. PMC 3430676. PMID 22952889.
  19. ^ Meric M, Willke A, Kolayli F, Yavuz S, Vahaboglu H (March 2009). "Water-borne Sphingomonas paucimobilis epidemic in an intensive care unit". The Journal of Infection. 58 (3): 253–5. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2009.01.007. PMID 19232740.
  20. ^ Chapelle E, Mendes R, Bakker PA, Raaijmakers JM (January 2016). "Fungal invasion of the rhizosphere microbiome". The ISME Journal. 10 (1): 265–8. doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.82. PMC 4681858. PMID 26023875.
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